Sunday, May 17, 2020

Sad and Sadistic - 803 Words

The word â€Å"father† appears commonly on first-grade spelling quizzes due to its simplicity of spelling; however, it holds startlingly many different meanings under its simple spelling. Most young-aged daughters characterize a father as the protector of their family who they can always rely on, a role model whom she gets inspiration from, and a counselor who provides wise guidance for her life. The Bible commands fathers to â€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go† and to â€Å"bring them up in the training and instruction of the Lord.† Also, a British Poet George Herbert once said, â€Å"One father is more than a hundred schoolmasters.† Absence of father, in other words, means insufficient guidance, security, and love in a young child’s life.†¦show more content†¦Even when the father is alive, he can possibly be physically away because of his work. No matter what the cause is, a father’s absence affects the future life of th eir children. Fathers affect who their children become and how they live their lives. One of the biggest problems fatherless daughters face is self-esteem issues and romantic relational problems. Fathers and daughters naturally have a link between them from birth, for they are genetically related. All daughters need and desire love from opposite sex and love from father satisfies this desire during the early age of a daughter. But when father’s unconditional love is absent from daughter’s life, she feels abandoned and neglected. This results in low self-esteem and doubtful self-worth. A daughter’s romantic relationships can also be affected significantly by the absence of father. There are two extreme effects: seeking for love and attention from a guy desperately or refusing to have a romantic relationship at all. Because a father was never able to satisfy a daughter’s desire for attention and love from the opposite sex, a daughter can desperately seek love and attention from guys without considering their character. On the other hand, beca use of the hurts she received from feeling abandoned by a father, it is possible that she will completely refuse to have a romantic relationship. Other effects of absence of father can be exposed on categories like education,Show MoreRelatedHas Society Treated Men and Women Equally Through the Years? Essay812 Words   |  4 PagesHas society treated men and women equally through the years? During the most inhuman, barbaric, and sadistic period of history, women seem to be mistreated in a higher degree. For many years women were not only considered the weaker sex but also repressed and dehumanized by the male dominated society. As terrible as The Holocaust that persecuted and killed millions of Jewish and other groups considered undesirable, was the impact of slavery on American slaves. Slavery and male dominant society occurredRead MoreTheme Of Montresor And A Cask Of Amontillado1272 Words   |  6 Pagesas well, characters like the sadistic Montresor, and an utterly conflicted man. Edgar Allan Poe’s short story â€Å"A Cask of Amontillado† depicts a murderer, a vengeful soul, and a sadist, this man is Montres or. Montresor decides to seek revenge for an inexcusable act of insult from his dear friend, by trapping him deep inside the catacombs, with no one to hear. Similar to Poe’s short story, â€Å"A Poison Tree† from William Blake displayed a conflicted man who is happy, sad, and finally angry. Once his angerRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1025 Words   |  5 Pagesgreatly differ as Dimmesdale (a high-standing priest in Puritan Society) is crippled by his nefarious act and as we indulge deeper into the premise of the story, he eventually pays the piper and meets his inevitable maker. Both individuals faced rather sadistic judgment for the duration of the story but the one question that lingers in the audiences’ minds are just what kind of judgment proved to be the most impactful upon the characters. Societal or self-judgment? Some individuals may argue that it wasRead MoreLord Of The Flies Reflection1101 Words   |  5 Pagesdissipated. During a pig hunt, Roger, Jack and the hunting group went after a pig as they wanted meat. However, even after they slaughtered the pig, Roger was the only who continued to brutally torture the pig’s carcass. He did many despicable and sadistic things such as prodding the spear wherever he could, and shoving the spear up the pig’s rear, all while laughing. Roger’s true intentions emerge yet again, when Wilfred was tied up by Jack. When Roger receives the news, he â€Å"received this news asRead MoreInterview Questions1532 Words   |  7 Pageswas with a member of the same sex? Ans: I would be less hurt to discover their affair was with a member of the same sex because she would have more feelings, emotions, attractions, and romance with same sex than with me. Actually, I would be more sad in a way that she was just participating on sex with me just for my happiness. We know sex is very important in our life but must have love, feeling, emotion, respect, attraction, and all. 4 points QUESTION 14 1. Your home is burgled but fortunatelyRead More My Papas Waltz Essay554 Words   |  3 Pages The father and son â€Å"romped until the pans / slid from the kitchen shelf,† showing that the father is actually throwing his son, and as a result, the kitchen pans get knocked off the shelf. Seeing her son being beaten, the mother is understandably sad; the mother â€Å"could not unfrown [herself],† knowing she cannot change the situation (7). Roethke writes that the dad â€Å"[beats] time on [his] head† to provide clear evidence that the father is hitting the speaker with his fists in a rhythm much like theRead MoreThe Revengers Tragedy Essay818 Words   |  4 PagesThe Revengers Tragedy What type of tragedy is this? A tragedy, by definition, is a disastrous, distressing and very sad event. The Revengers Tragedy, however, does not display all of these characteristics. It is macabre and grotesque and delights in gory descriptions of blood, violence, death and murder, but it is not a sad story. It is more likely to evoke feelings of disbelief and incredulity at the plot than to cause its audience to feel any kind of sadnessRead MoreEssay Hope in Waiting for Godot and Wall E1060 Words   |  5 Pageson Samuel Beckett’s attitude on plain life. Samuel Beckett implied that there was no meaning to life and we were ‘Waiting for Godot’, our savior, who never comes. Conversely, the film Wall E, which was made in the modern period, does not portray a sadistic attitude instead a view of hope - that there is hope and that humans will return to Earth someday after the humans produced too much rubbish to clean up. Waiting for Godot is a play, exploring man’s necessity to depend on a superior being. TheRead MoreThe Boy In The Striped Pajamas Analysis778 Words   |  4 Pagesfor their beliefs and their people under the false pretense of loyalty to â€Å"The Crown†. Unable to oppose her husband’s folly and bear her secluded life the mother drowns in self-pity and deserts her children. Her underage daughter is flirting with a sadistic Nazi lieutenant and she is entirely oblivious of Bruno’s lengthy daily â€Å"expeditions†. She locks herself away from the problems and it is simply priceless that â€Å"Bruno [is the one who] was worried for her health because he’d never known anyone needRead MoreAnalysis Of Wuthering Brontes The Great Gatsby 1628 Words   |  7 Pagesincrease (Purington and Whitlock, 2010). Almost everyone can relate or identify with such raw emotions on some level, which increases the viewer’s sympathy for Heathcliff. This mak es Heathcliff’s actions more relatable to a modern viewer than the sadistic nature of Emily Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s character. Furthermore, these intense emotions solidify Arnold’s focus on the â€Å"love† story between Catherine and Heathcliff, which is more appealing to a 21st century audience. After the opening scene, the plot line shifts

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Euro Currency Market - 2226 Words

Definition of Eurocurrency Market The money market in which Eurocurrency, currency held in banks outside of the country where it is legal tender, is borrowed and lent by banks in Europe. The Eurocurrency market is utilized by large firms and extremely wealthy individuals who wish to circumvent regulatory requirements, tax laws and interest rate caps that are often present in domestic banking, particularly in the United States. Eurocurrency Market Rates on deposits in the Eurocurrency market are typically higher than in the domestic market, because the depositor is not protected by domestic banking laws and does not have governmental deposit insurance. Rates on loans in the Eurocurrency market are typically lower than those in†¦show more content†¦Eurocurrency loans Eurocurrency loans are made on a floating – rate basis. Interest rates on loans to governments, corporations and nonprime banks are set at a fixed margin above LIBOR for a given period and currency. Example If the margin is 75 basis points (b.p.) and the current LIBOR is 6%, the borrower is charged 6.75% for the relevant period. LIBOR is the underlying variable rate of interest, usually set for a 6 month period. --- The margin or spread between the lending bank’s cost of funds and the interest charged by the borrower is based on the borrower’s perceived creditworthiness / riskiness. The spreads can range from 15 b.p. to more than 300 b.p., the median of the range varying from 100 to 200 b.p. The maturity of the Eurocurrency loan can range from 3 to 10 years. Eurocurrency loans are made by bank syndicates. The bank originating the loan becomes the lead bank managing the syndicate, inviting one or two other banks to be co-managers of the loan. The borrower is charged a one-time syndication fee ranging from 0.25 % to 2 % of the loan value according to the size and type of the Eurocurrency loan. The drawdown [period over which the borrower may use the loan] of the loan and the repayment period vary in accordance with the borrower’s needs. A commitment fee of about 0.5 % per annum is paid on theShow MoreRelated The European Monetary Union (EMU) - The Euro as a Single Currency1608 Words   |  7 Pages(EMU) - The Euro as a Single Currency Liberalizing trade is nothing new to the world, but we have never witnessed such a vast economic integration between sovereign countries like the integration carried out in the European Union. Customs duties between European countries started to come down steadily in the early 1950s and were abolished in 1968 with the introduction of a customs union and the implementation of the common external tariff. The official proclamation of the single market on 1 JanuaryRead MoreGlobal Financing and Exchange Rate Mechanisms Paper1465 Words   |  6 Pagesis the existing market cost for which one currency can be exchanged for another (Moffatt, n.d.). For instance, when the U.S. exchange rate for the Japanese Yen is  ¥1.10, this means that 1 American Dollar can be exchanged for 1.1 Japanese Yen. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the exchange rate mechanism (Euro Currency Markets), to describe how this mechanism is used in global financing operations, and to analyze its importance in man aging risks. The Euro Currency Markets, specifically mostRead MoreArticle: Euro Effects1717 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Euro Effects Introduction European Monetary System (EMU) is the arrangement by following which most EU (European Union) nations have connected their currencies to put a stop to great changeability and vacillations relative to one another. It was in 1979 that this system was organized in order to soothe and stabilize the foreign exchange and respond to price increases among member nations. However, sporadic changes not only elevated the values of strong currencies but at the same time, loweredRead MoreForeign Exchange Explained718 Words   |  3 Pagesenjoyed a world where the U.S dollar is the primary currency of exchange and strength during the twentieth century. In Europe, the citizens often travel to a next-door nation where their currency is much different than their own. Americans frequently travel to Mexico or Canada where our U.S dollars are accepted. Now a day, our dollars may no longer be the main currency of exchange, and may not be the desired currency to hold. People ask why a currency increases and decreases in its value, and this couldRead MoreForeign Exchange Market Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagesparticipated in ForEx trading. For many first time traders the Foreign Exchange market can seem very confusing. ForEx is short for Foreign Exchange, it is the market in which people can exchange currencies from all over the world (Peters, J. 2012). When someone trades on the foreign exchange market, they are buying once currency and selling another. Buying and selling occurs at the same time in the ForEx market, which is why currencies are always quoted in pairs (Peters, J. 2012). Various factors such asRead MorePrediction Of The Dollar And Euro1176 Words   |  5 Pages Prediction of the Dollar and Euro What is an exchange rate? Exchange rate is a price for that one country’s currency can be traded for another country’s currency, which involves always two currencies. The price of a currency is determined by the country’s currency’s demand relative to its supply in the market. Furthermore, there are many factors that impact exchange rates but the most influential factors are inflation rates, interest rates, income levels, government controls, and expectations. DueRead MoreIssues Of International Political Economy1626 Words   |  7 Pagesadvantages and disadvantages of a single currency with regard to the case of the euro and the euro zone countries. Has the euro and its governance brought about economic stability and growth to all the euro zone countries equally? One of the most substantial evidence of European integration is the euro, which is the most widespread currency in 19 out of 28 European countries. Euro is used by 338.6 million people every day. The advantage of the familiar currency is instantly evident to anyone travellingRead MoreThe Challenges of the Dollar Being an Intenational Reserve and Investment Currency1626 Words   |  7 PagesThe U.S. dollar index has exhibited a clear long-term downward trend since 2002. This is a cause for concern among emerging markets because a large proportion of their foreign exchange reserves is held in dollar denominated assets. The dollar accounts for 62 percent of allocated foreign exchange reserves around the world and for 58 percent of the allocated reserves of emerging and developing economies . Most central banks would incur considerable losses on their investments if the depreciation ofRead MoreNature and Objectives of Economic and Monetary Union1293 Words   |  6 Pagesimplementation of a common currency and economic policy at EU level and logical complements the creation of the single market. Can be defined six stages of economic integration: 1. Preferential Trade Area (with reduced customs tariffs between certain countries) 2. Free Trade Area (no internal tariffs on some or all goods between the participating countries) 3. Customs Union (with the same tariffs to third parties and the common commercial policy) 4. Common Market (general rules for the productsRead Morehow appreciation affects interest rates and exchange rates1102 Words   |  5 Pagescommodity currency? Should we return to a gold standard? Why or why not? Business dictionary defines an exchange rate as the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another. In other words, it is the value of another countrys currency compared to that of your own. If you are planning a trip to travel abroad this is something that needs to be calculated along the trip, because in order to purchase goods or services while aboard one would need to â€Å"purchase† the local currency. Just like

Empowering And Transformational Leadership -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Empowering And Transformational Leadership? Answer: Introducation In order to identify the degree of leadership skills I possess, there are 5 of the diagnostic tools that have been selected for the analysis. These five tools helped me in analysing myself as the leaders so that I can find the gap and make the improvements. The first tool that has been used was leadership visibility inventory test. It was a scaling test in which my visibility and credibility was tested. First ten questions in the test were for visibility and I have scored 56 in that and other questions were for credibility on which I have scored 54. Score of 56 in visibility suggests that I am a visible person scoring of 54 in the next section suggests that I am a very credible person. The overall discussion or the scoring of the test suggests that I have the capability to visible in the crowd but there is the scope of improvement in it. The next tool that I have used was big five personality traits. This is the tool that deals with some characteristic of being a leader (Mumford, Campion Morgeson, 2007). The scoring on those characteristic helped me in analysing my skills. The first characteristic was extroversion. It is the trait that deals with being social with the community. I have scored 31, and this suggests that I am quite extrovert and social in nature. Another trait is agreeableness. In this I have scored 25 and this suggests that I am in moderate condition. I agree with the people at times but sometimes I remain on my point. The next trait is conscientiousness, it is the trait that is about being hard working and dedicated. Again I score 25 in this test and this suggests that I am dedicated towards my work but bit is required to be more dedicated. Neuroticism is the personality trait that shows the management aspect in which I have scored 20 that means I am in middle of the scale. The last trait is opennes s to experience. In this trait, I have scored 46 that mean I am a dreamer. I used to accept the new and innovative things that comes ion my way and this nature makes me an innovative personality. I used to perform the same tasks with different methods and try to be efficient every time. Another tool that has been used by me was perceived leader integrity scale. It is the tool that includes the question which needs to be filled by the other person in order to take the concern about the behaviour of the other person (Puccio, Mance Murdock, 2010). My mates have helped me in doing so. They have filled the forms for me. The appendix 3 shows one of the forms that indicates my scoring. I have scored 46 in the same and this suggests that I am highly ethical in nature. All the above used methods have shown my different traits. The next is leadership style survey that is about identifying that which leadership style I believe in. around 15 questions have been asked to me and I have encircled the numbers that best suited me. For analysis of the scoring, all the questions were divided into 3 sets and the scoring is done as per the questions. The total of the scores have been calculated. The one in which I have scored the highest is the 2nd set that is about participative leadership, this suggests that I am the person who use participative leadership style the most. After that, I used to apply delegative style sometimes as per the analysis because I scored little less in this segment. The next and the most important tool is self-assessment questionnaire tool. This is designed in order to measure the authenticity of the self-leadership. There are various components that need to be identified in this tool. The first one is the self-awareness, next is moral perspective and the other two are balanced processing and relational transparency. Comparison of the scores in all these contexts helps in analysing my stronger and weaker points. The scores above 16 suggest that I have the stronger authentic leadership in that context and low score suggests that I have weaker authentic leadership in that particular context. As per the results of the analysis, it has been identified that I am the leader who does not show authentic leadership in context of self-awareness and relational transparency but in other two contexts, there is large scope of improvement. It has been verified by the incidences that I have experienced in last few months. Once I have experienced that I was not a visible person in spite of the fact that I was the one who had done all the preparation for the program that was conducted in our class activity. At the day of the activity, all the credits were given to the students who were active in talking to the teachers and were performing the fore front activities. This made me realise that I am lacking in this skills and it is confirmed by the diagnostic tools. Another incidence that was happened recently with me suggested that I do not have the self-confidence to convey my things. Once I and my friends have prepared the presentation and all the designing part were done by me. one of my friends have presented the same in front of the class and my teacher asked that who have contributed in making the designs and I have not gathered the courage to tell her that I was the one and my friend got all the credits. This incidenc e forces me to make efforts in developing the same. Literature review: Leadership is defined as the ability of the person to guide and influence others in order to make them work in a particular direction so that the gaols of the organisation and the individual can be achieved, it has been analysed that the leaders should have some of the traits in him in order to be the effective one (Heifetz, Grashow Linsky, 2009). There are several leadership styles and theories that has been postulated and given by the theorist in earlier as well as in modern times. These theories such as transformational leadership, transactional leadership, contingency theory, scientific management theory etc. have something in common and this is the leader as the role model, who is followed by his followers (Spillane, 2012). Thus, this suggests that a leader should follow the path that he wants his followers to follow. For this, it is required that the leader should know himself very well and should be self-aware about his weaknesses and strengths. This develops the concept of s elf-awareness in leadership (Axelrod, 2017). As far as the above diagnosis is considered, it has been realised by my scores that I have two of the major weaknesses in terms of being an effective leader. The first one is the self-confidence and the other one is the visibility. Self-awareness is the understanding of the individual about his own self such as his values, beliefs, ambitions, emotions, strengths and weaknesses (Paustian-Underdahl, Walker Woehr, 2014). This is not an easy task and requires years to develop this trait in oneself. Once it is developed, it helps the individual to be self-aware and also helps in to handle himself and his behaviours in the situations (Dabke, 2016). It has been analysed that the level of self-awareness is also linked with the influence and performance. It is suggested that the more the leader is aware of him, the more he can become influential and convince the others to follow the guidelines (Avolio, 2007). Self-awareness is the concept that is directly associated with the aspect of emotional intelligence and thus it has been analysed that the one who is aware of himself have the capability to understand the emotions of others (Rukmani, Ramesh Jayakrishnan, 2010). Leaders who are high in emotional intelligence does not mean that they are emotional but they have they intelligently handle the situation and understand the emotions and the perspective of the other person (Eragula, 2015). This does not act as the weakness but becomes the strength of the leaders to help their followers (Schmitt, Realo, Voracek Allik, 2008). All leaders do not have any idea about how to be a leader. Some of the leaders feel unwilling to become self-aware because they have restricted knowledge about the skills and the responsibilities of leader and failed to realise that they just nit have to guide the followers but also have to negotiate with them so that dis-functioning can be prevented. Leadership is actually about inspiring and motivating the followers so that they can perform with grace and efficiency (Schmitt, Allik, McCrae Benet-Martnez, 2007). The leaders who are not self-aware, it becomes very difficult for them to treat others and understand others situations. The leadership without self-awareness results in non-efficiency. If the leaders themselves do not have any idea about their own strengths and weaknesses, it is very difficult for them to analyse the strengths and weakness of the other person (Joo Jo, 2017). The leaders have to handle many situations where they cannot react suddenly but should have the capability to analyse the situations and perspective of the other person so that effective decision can be made that benefits the follower as well as the organisation (Cobb-Clark Schurer, 2012). The study suggests that self-confidence is the very basic skill that needs to be developed for becoming a great leader and I have to make efforts to achieve the same. Another weakness that I have faced is of visibility. I am not that much visible in the social gatherings and this act as my weakness and restrict me to become good leader. It is very important to be visible and famous. If the person does not have the charm to be visible in the social gathering then it is a big doubt that he can be the leader or not. This is because leaders should have the personality that grabs the attention of others and this is the reason why people follow the leaders because of the charismatic personality (Komarraju, Karau, Schmeck Avdic, 2011). Visibility can be improved when accounting leader has the self confidence in him. There are various theories such as charismatic theory of leadership that suggests that self-confidence is then a very important part of effective leadership (Gibson, 2017). Self-confidence of the leaders can be communicated by his personality and the way he interact with others (Tekleab, Sims Jr, Yun, Tesluk Cox, 2008). Self-confidence disp lay in the leader automatically motivates his team to perform effectively because if the person himself is not confident then it is impossible for him to motivate and inspire the other people to work and perform the tasks in contingencies. Even if the situations are not favourable, the leaders have to show their self-confidence so that the team and the followers feel motivated (Furnham, Monsen Ahmetoglu, 2009). When leaders does not have the confidence in them then they try to hide their weakness and thus may results in arrogant behaviour or may be perceived as the arrogance by the followers. These types of leaders know that they do not have the confidence to be visible so they try to look good and create their person in that way (Obiwuru, Okwu, Akpa, Nwankwere, 2011). These leaders normal fails to be a good listener and come up with the leadership style that does not allow their followers to share their views (Bratton, Dodd Brown, 2011). They find it very offensive when some other person neglect their view and say anything against them. This also results in bad and poor relationship between the employees and the leaders and if the relationship between the leaders and the employees is not good then it may result in poor workplace environment (Van Dierendonck Nuijten, 2011). This is the situation, where it becomes more difficult for the leaders to handle the people and retain them. Trust issues may develop and thing get deteriorated gradually (Tierney Farmer, 2011). The way of thinking of the confident leaders is very different from the under confident one. They accept their strength and weakness in any way without being offensive (Liden, Wayne, Zhao Henderson, 2008). They are open and accept the criticisms by others and also take it in positive manner. It has been analysed that most of the leaders who have confidence in them believes in transferring the same to their followers (Avey, Palanski Walumbwa, 2011). At the end of the day, it has been analysed that leadership is about having the confidence and making the decision in such a way so that it can be followed by the followers and they can have trust on the leaders. Action plan: This action plan is made in order to develop some of the leadership skills and traits that can help me in filing the gap between the competencies that I need to be the good leader and the competencies that I actually have in me. Following are the strategies and the activities that are required to be done by me in order to fill the competency gap. Identification of the target skills It is required to identify the skills that are being developed. The two skills that need to be developed by me are self-awareness and self-confidence. 1 month Personality development courses It is required to take the personality development occurs that helps in developing the personality as well as the self confidence 2- 3months Reading books and watching videos Reading motivational and positive books and watching the similar kid of videos helps in developing a sense of optimism which somehow develop the confidence 1-6 months Feedback Feedback from others can help in analyzing the skills and the perception of other people in order to develop the competency of self-awareness 1-2 months Mentoring Mentoring is also required in order to monitor the overall action plan 1 month Evaluating the learning methods It is the action that helps in evaluating the progress of learning methods that has been used 1 month Analyzing the progress This can be analyzed by asking other team members and the people. 1 month Gantt chart: Below is the Gantt chart that shows the timelines for all the 6 months in order to improve the leadership skills. This chart describes the activities as well that are conducted in order to develop the same. 1 month 2 month 3 month 4 month 5 month 6 month Identification of target skills Personality development courses Reading books and watching videos Feedback Mentoring Evaluation of the learning methods Analyzing the progress Conclusion: It has been concluded from the report that leadership is the very important skill and it is required to develop the same. There are many diagnostic tools that can be used such as visibility inventory test, big five personality test, perceived leader integrity test, leadership style survey and self-assessment questionnaire tool. As per the result of visibility and credibility is concerned, it has been analysed that I have scored 56 which suggests that there is the scope of improvement. The next test that is big five personality test suggests that I am good in all the aspects. The scale of perceived leader integrity scale suggests that I am highly ethical in nature. Another test has been conducted that is regarding leadership style survey w which suggests that I use participative style and the last one is self-assessment questionnaire tool which suggests that I am not that much confident and thus I have to improve the same. Overall results of the tests described that I have to develop the skills such as self-confidence and visibility in me and this requires the action plan to be implemented. References: Avey, J. B., Palanski, M. E., Walumbwa, F. O. (2011). When leadership goes unnoticed: The moderating role of follower self-esteem on the relationship between ethical leadership and follower behavior.Journal of Business Ethics,98(4), 573-582. Avolio, B. J. (2007). Promoting more integrative strategies for leadership theory-building.American Psychologist,62(1), 25. Axelrod, R. H. (2017). Leadership and Self-Confidence. InLeadership Today(pp. 297-313). Springer, Cham. Cobb-Clark, D. A., Schurer, S. (2012). The stability of big-five personality traits. Economics Letters,115(1), 11-15. Dabke, D. (2016). Impact of leaders emotional intelligence and transformational behavior on perceived leadership effectiveness: A multiple source view.Business Perspectives and Research,4(1), 27-40. Eragula, R. (2015). Confidence in Leadership.Advances in Economics and Business Management,2(11), 1070-1072. Furnham, A., Monsen, J., Ahmetoglu, G. (2009). Typical intellectual engagement, Big Five personality traits, approaches to learning and cognitive ability predictors of academic performance.British Journal of Educational Psychology,79(4), 769-782. Gibson, E. W. (2017). Leadership in statistics: Increasing our value and visibility.The American Statistician, (just-accepted), 00-00. Heifetz, R. A., Grashow, A., Linsky, M. (2009).The practice of adaptive leadership: Tools and tactics for changing your organization and the world. Harvard Business Press. Joo, B. K., Jo, S. J. (2017). The effects of perceived authentic leadership and core self-evaluations on organizational citizenship behavior: The role of psychological empowerment as a partial mediator.Leadership Organization Development Journal,38(3), 463-481. Komarraju, M., Karau, S. J., Schmeck, R. R., Avdic, A. (2011). The Big Five personality traits, learning styles, and academic achievement.Personality and individual differences,51(4), 472-477. Liden, R. C., Wayne, S. J., Zhao, H., Henderson, D. (2008). Servant leadership: Development of a multidimensional measure and multi-level assessment.The leadership quarterly,19(2), 161-177. Mumford, T. V., Campion, M. A., Morgeson, F. P. (2007). The leadership skills strataplex: Leadership skill requirements across organizational levels.The Leadership Quarterly,18(2), 154-166. Obiwuru, T. C., Okwu, A. T., Akpa, V. O., Nwankwere, I. A. (2011). Effects of leadership style on organizational performance: A survey of selected small scale enterprises in Ikosi-Ketu council development area of Lagos State, Nigeria.Australian Journal of Business and Management Research,1(7), 100. Paustian-Underdahl, S. C., Walker, L. S., Woehr, D. J. (2014). Gender and perceptions of leadership effectiveness: A meta-analysis of contextual moderators.Journal of applied psychology,99(6), 1129. Puccio, G. J., Mance, M., Murdock, M. C. (2010).Creative leadership: Skills that drive change. Sage Publications. Rukmani, K., Ramesh, M., Jayakrishnan, J. (2010). Effect of leadership styles on organizational effectiveness.European Journal of Social Sciences,15(3), 365-369. Schmitt, D. P., Allik, J., McCrae, R. R., Benet-Martnez, V. (2007). The geographic distribution of Big Five personality traits: Patterns and profiles of human self-description across 56 nations.Journal of cross-cultural psychology,38(2), 173-212. Schmitt, D. P., Realo, A., Voracek, M., Allik, J. (2008). Why can't a man be more like a woman? Sex differences in Big Five personality traits across 55 cultures.Journal of personality and social psychology,94(1), 168. Spillane, J. P. (2012).Distributed leadership(Vol. 4). John Wiley Sons. Tekleab, A. G., Sims Jr, H. P., Yun, S., Tesluk, P. E., Cox, J. (2008). Are we on the same page? Effects of self-awareness of empowering and transformational leadership.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,14(3), 185-201. Tierney, P., Farmer, S. M. (2011). Creative self-efficacy development and creative performance over time.Journal of Applied Psychology,96(2), 277. Bratton, V. K., Dodd, N. G., Brown, F. W. (2011). The impact of emotional intelligence on accuracy of self-awareness and leadership performance.Leadership Organization Development Journal,32(2), 127-149. Van Dierendonck, D., Nuijten, I. (2011). The servant leadership survey: Development and validation of a multidimensional measure.Journal of business and psychology,26(3), 249-267.